Molecular Docking Investigation of Natural Compounds from Inula viscosa and Synthetic Derivatives against Breast Cancer Targets
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.5203Keywords:
Breast cancer, aromatase, mTOR, Inula Viscosa, molecular dockingAbstract
Novel compounds with significant medicinal properties have attracted considerable interest in therapeutic approaches to treating breast cancer. Different synthetic and natural inhibitors were collected from the literature and docked against (Aromatase, mTOR) receptors. The compounds' binding affinities were calculated after minimising interactions within the binding pockets of the macromolecular receptors (Aromatase, mTOR). In this work, we use molecular docking methods to identify the ligand that has the best interaction energy with the fourth macromolecule among synthetic and natural products extracted from Inula Viscosa, and also describe binding affinity in order to design new inhibitor ligands. The result shows that ligands (Nepetin, OSI-027) and (3-O-Methylquercetin, Formestane) best inhibited Aromatase and mTOR, respectively. The latter reaches the same conclusion as the study on experimental inhibition.
References
1. Seca A M, Grigore A, Pinto D C, Silva AM. The genus Inula and their metabolites: from ethnopharmacological to medicinal uses. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2014; 154: 286-310.
2. Baytop T. Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, (Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul), 1999.
3. Ali-Shtayeh MS, Yaniv Z, Mahajna J. Ethnobotanical survey in the Palestinian area: a classification of the healing potential of medicinal plants, J. Ethnopharmacol. 2000; 73: 221-232.
4. Al-Dissi NM, Salhab AS, Al-Hajj HA. Effects of Inula viscosa leaf extracts on abortion and implantation in rats, J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 77: 117–121.
5. Zeggwagh NA, Ouahidi ML, Lemhadri A, Eddouks M. Study of hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects of Inula viscosa L. aqueous extract in normal and diabetic rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2006; 108: 223-227.
6. Al-Qura’n S. Ethnopharmacological survey of wild medicinal plants in Showbak, Jordan. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 123: 45-50.
7. Danino O, Gottlieb HE, Grossman S, Bergman M. Antioxidant activity of 1, 3-dicaffeoylquinic acid isolated from Inula viscosa. Food Res. Int. 2009; 42: 1273-1280.
8. Benbacer L, Merghoub N, El Btaouri H, Gmouh S, Attaleb M, Morjani H, Amzazi S, El Mzibri M. Antiproliferative effect and induction of apoptosis by Inula viscosa L. and Retama monosperma L. extracts in human cervical cancer cells, in: Rajamanickam, R. (Ed.), Topics on Cervical Cancer with an Advocacy for Prevention, InTech, Rijeka, Croatia, 2012; 267-284.
9. Talib WH, Zarga MHA, Mahasneh AM. Antiproliferative, antimicrobial and apoptosis inducing effects of compounds isolated from Inula viscosa. Molecules 2012; 17: 3291-3303.
10. Grande M, Torres P, Piera F, Bellido IS. Triterpenoids from Dittrichia viscosa. Phytochemistry 1992; 31: 1826-1828.
11. Abu Zarga MH, Hamed EM, Sabri SS, Voelter W, Zeller KP. New sesquiterpenoids from the Jordanian medicinal plant Inula viscosa. J. Nat. Prod. 1998; 61: 798-800.
12. Zhao YM, Zhang ML, Shi QW, Kiyota H. Chemical constituents of plants from the genus Inula. Chem. Biodivers. 2016; 3: 371-384.
13. Barrero AF, Herrador M, Arteaga P, Catalan JV. Dittrichia viscosa L. Greuter: Phytochemistry and biological activity. Nat. Prod. Com. 2008; 3: 1799-1804.
14. Çelik TA, Aslantürk ÖS. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Inula viscosa leaf extracts with Allium test. J. BioMed Res. 2010; 1-8.
15. Mamoci E, Cavoski I, Simeone V, Mondelli D, Al-Bitar L, Caboni P. Chemical composition and in vitro activity of plant extracts from Ferula communis and Dittrichia viscosa against postharvest fungi. Molecules 2011; 16: 2609-2625.
16. Kaileh M, Berghe WV, Boone E, Essawi T, Haegemabaln G. Screening of indigenous Palestinian medicinal plants for potential anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007; 113: 510–516.
17. Merghoub N, El Btaouri H, Benbacer L, Gmouh S, Trentesaux C, Brassart B, Terryn C, Attaleb M, Madoulet C, Benjouad A, Amzazi S, El Mzibri M, Morjani H 2016. Inula viscosa extracts induces telomere shortening and apoptosis in cancer cells and overcome drug resistance. Nutr. Cancer 2016; 68: 131-143.
18. Talib WH, Mahasneh AM. Antimicrobial, cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening of Jordanian plants used in traditional medicine. Molecules. 2010a; 15: 1811–1824.
19. Talib WH, Mahasneh AM. Antiproliferative activity of plant extracts used against cancer in traditional medicine. Sci. Pharm. 2010b; 78: 33–45
20. Afifi-Yazar FU, Kasabri V, Abu-Dahab R. Medicinal plants from Jordan in the treatment of cancer: traditional uses vs. in vitro and in vivo evaluations Part 1. Planta Med. 2011; 77: 1203–1209.
21. Messaoudi M, Chahmi N, El Mzibri M, Gmouh S, Amzazi S, Benbacer L, El Hassouni M. 2016. Cytotoxic effect and chemical composition of Inula viscosa from three different regions of Morocco. European J. Med. Plants. 2016; 16: 1-9.
22. Oskay M, Sarı D. Antimicrobial screening of some Turkish medicinal plants. Pharm. Biol. 2007; 45: 176-181.
23. Oskay M, Oskay D, Kalyoncu F. Activity of some plant extracts against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. Iranian J. Pharm. Res. 2009; 8; 293–300.
24. Bello A, Qashlan A. Antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts of Inula graveolens and Inula viscosa. Dirasat: Pure Sci. 2013; 39: 34-43.
25. Gokbulut A, Ozhan O, Satilmis B, Batcioglu K, Gunal S, Sarer E. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and phenolic compounds of selected Inula species from Turkey. Nat. Prod. Com. 2013; 8: 475-478.
26. Mahmoudi H, Hosni K, Zaouali W, Amri I, Zargouni H, Hamida NB, Kaddour RYM, Hamrouni L, Nasri, MB, Ouerghi Z. Comprehensive phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antifungal activities of Inula viscosa Aiton leaves. J. Food Safety 2016; 36: 77-88.
27. Trimech I, Weiss EK, Chedea VS, Marin D, Detsi A, Ioannou E, Roussis V, Kefalas P. Evaluation of anti‐oxidant and acetylcholinesterase activity and identification of polyphenolics of the invasive weed Dittrichia viscosa. Phytochem. Analysis 2014; 25: 421-428.
28. Chahmi N, Anissi J, Jennan S, Farah A, Sendide K, El Hassouni M. Antioxidant activities and total phenol content of Inula viscosa extracts selected from three regions of Morocco. Asian Pacific J. Trop. Biomed. 2015; 5: 228-233.
29. Kattouf J, Belmoukhtar M, Harnafi H, Mekhfi H, Ziyyat A, Aziz M, Bnouham M, Legssyer A. Effect antihypertenseur des feuilles d’Inula viscosa. Phytothérapie 2009; 7: 309–312.
30. [Mesli F., Missoum N., Ghomri A., Ghalem S. Comparative Study of Aromatase Enzyme Inhibition by Synthetic and Natural Ligand: Molecular Modeling and Conceptual DFT Investigation. Current Enzyme Inhibition, 2018; 14(2). DOI: 10.2174/1573408014666180222135450]31. Ciruelos, G.E.M., 2014. Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in estrogen receptorpositive breast cancer. Cancer Treat. Rev. 40, 862–871.
32. Grande, M.; Piera, F.; Cuenca, A.; Torres, P.; Bellido, I. Flavonoids from Inula viscosa 1985. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-969536
33. Eckhard Wollenweber; Klaus Mayer; J.N. Roitman. Exudate flavonoids of Inula viscosa. 1991. DOI: 10.1016/0031-9422(91)83681-a
34. Fontana, Gianfranco; La Rocca, Salvatore; Passannanti, Salvatore; Pia Paternostro, Maria. Sesquiterpene compounds from Inula viscosa. 2007. DOI: 10.1080/14786410701415681
35. Suvannang, Naravut; Nantasenamat, Chanin; Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, Chartchalerm; Prachayasittikul, Virapong. Molecular Docking of Aromatase Inhibitors. 2011. DOI: 10.3390/molecules16053597
36. Alireza Soltani , Afrasyab Khan , Hassan Mirzaei , Marjan Onaq , Masoud Javan , Samaneh Tavassoli , Nosrat Mahmoodi , Ali Arian Nia , Asieh Yahyazadeh , Aref Salehi , Seyed Reza Khandoozi , Razieh Khaneh Masjedi , Md Lutfor Rahman , Mohd Sani Sarjadi , Shaheen M. Sarkari , Chia-Hung Su j. Improvement of anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-sulfasalazine microparticle via density functional theory, molecular docking and ADMET analysis. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.
37. David Ebuka Arthur, Jibrin Noah Akoji, Riadh Sahnoun , Greatman C. Okafor , Karimatu Lami Abdullahi1 , Samira A. Abdullahi1 and Charles Mgbemena2. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-021-00525-x
38.The Protein Data Bank H.M. Berman, J. Westbrook, Z. Feng, G. Gilliland, T.N. Bhat, H. Weissig, I.N. Shindyalov, P.E. Bourne (2000) Nucleic Acids Research, 28:235-242. doi:10.1093/nar/28.1.235
39. Chemical Computing Group, Scientific Vector Language, www.chemcomp.com/MOE-Molecular, 2018.
40. Davidson ER, Feller D (1986) Basis set selection for molecular calculations. Chem Rev 86(4):681–696
41. Thomas AH. Merck Molecular force field. I. Basis, form, scope, parameterization, and performance of MMFF94. J. Comput. Chem., 1996, 17:490-519.
42. Lipinski CA, Lombardo F, Dominy BW, Feeney PJ. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2001, 46 (1-3):3-26. doi:10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00129-0.
43. (a) Clark AM, Labute P, Santavy M (2006) Journal of chemical information and modeling . J. Chem.46, Inf. Model. 1107-1123.
44. Clark AM, Labute P (2008) Clark, A. M., & Labute, P. (2008). Detection and assignment of common scaffolds in project databases of lead molecules J. Med. Chem. 52: 469-483
45. Ritchie D, Macromolecular Docking Using Spherical Polar Fourier Correlations, Department of Computing Science, University of Aberdeen, copyright © 1996-2005
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.