Comparative agronomic and phytosanitary analysis of parental tomato lines and their F1 hybrids (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) under Mediterranean open-field conditions.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.5171Keywords:
Tomato, F1 hybrid, Mediterranean climate, Production parameters, Late blightAbstract
For several years, tomato breeding has focused on developing F1 hybrids adapted to agronomic and pedoclimatic conditions, while identifying the best cultivar in order to produce quality seed at lower cost. Favorable climatic conditions and human expertise in Algeria provide an opportunity to produce vegetable seeds, especially tomatoes. In this research project on producing F1 hybrid seeds, we evaluated the characteristics, agronomic performance, and sanitation of certain tomato varieties by comparing them with their F1 hybrids grown in an open field under Mediterranean conditions. The trial was conducted at the Technical Institute of Vegetable and Industrial Crops in Staouéli, Algeria, during the 2004 season. It used a randomized complete block design with three replications. The parameters measured were phenological (date of appearance of flower clusters, flowering, and maturity), production (number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, and yield per plant), and incidence and severity of late blight.The results reveal an early onset of flower buds and maturity for the H*M hybrid, at 20 and 82 days, respectively. The H*B hybrid shows an earlier flowering time of 35 days. Regarding the abortion rate, the results indicate high to very high rates for all cultivars. Production parameters show different results among cultivars. The hybrid S*H has the highest number of fruits per plant (11), and the hybrid I*M has the best fruit weight (135 g) and yield (1.4 kg). Very low tolerance was observed for all genotypes studied.The present study revealed significant diversity among different parameters of F1 tomato hybrids compared to their parents. Therefore, the study recommends using local, resistant genotypes.
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