Sterilization Practices and Their Impact on Surgical Site Infection Prevention: Roles of Nurses, Anesthesia Providers, and Operating Room Technicians
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.4553Keywords:
Sterilization practices, surgical site infections, SSIs, nurses, anesthesia providers, operating room techniciansAbstract
Sterilization practices play a pivotal role in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs), a critical concern that impacts patient outcomes and healthcare costs. Nurses, anesthesia providers, and operating room technicians are essential team members responsible for implementing and adhering to stringent sterilization protocols. Nurses ensure that all instruments and surgical environments are properly sterilized and maintained, performing routine checks and validations of sterilization processes. Anesthesia providers play a key role in safeguarding the sterility of the anesthesia equipment while coordinating with surgical teams to maintain a sterile field during procedures. Operating room technicians are tasked with the preparation and management of sterile instruments and supplies, ensuring that every step of the surgical process adheres to established infection control guidelines. Their collaborative efforts significantly reduce the incidence of SSIs and contribute to overall surgical success. Furthermore, training and continuing education regarding best sterilization practices are crucial in maintaining high standards of care. Each member of the surgical team must stay informed about the latest guidelines issued by organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The synergy between nurses, anesthesia providers, and operating room technicians fosters an environment of vigilance, accountability, and proactive measures against potential infections. Together, they not only enhance the safety of surgical procedures but also improve patient confidence and satisfaction, leading to better health outcomes.
References
1. Rutala W.A., Gergen M.F., Bringhurst J. Effective high-level disinfection of cystoscopes: is perfusion of channels required? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2016;37(2):228–231. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.266.
2. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. Disinfection, Sterilization and Antisepsis: An Overview. Am J Infect Control. 2016;44:e1–e66. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.10.038.
3. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. Gastrointestinal endoscopes: a need to shift from disinfection to sterilization? JAMA. 2014;312:1405–1406. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.12559.
4. Rutala W.A., Gergen M.F., Weber D.J. Efficacy of a washer-disinfector in eliminating healthcare-associated pathogens from surgical instruments. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014;35:883–885. doi: 10.1086/676867.
5. Weber D.J., Rutala W.A. Role of environmental contamination in the transmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1997;18:306–309. doi: 10.1086/647616.
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Immediate need for healthcare facilities to review procedures for cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing reusable medical devices. 2015. Available at: http://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00382.asp. Accessed 18 May, 2016.
7. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. Disinfection and sterilization of prion-contaminated medical instruments, reply to Belay. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010;31:1306–1307. doi: 10.1086/650197.
8. Rutala W.A., Cole E.C., Thomann C.A. Stability and bactericidal activity of chlorine solutions. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1998;19:323–327. doi: 10.1086/647822.
9. Weber D.J., Rutala W.A., Sickbert-Bennett E.E. Outbreaks associated with contaminated antiseptics and disinfectants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007;51:4217–4224. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00138-07.
10. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. ERCP scopes: what can we do to prevent infections? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015;36:643–648. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.98.
11. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. Cleaning, disinfection and sterilization. In: Grota P., editor. APIC text of infection control and epidemiology. 4th edition. Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc.; Washington, DC: 2014. pp. 31.1–31.15.
12. Spaulding E.H. Chemical disinfection of medical and surgical materials. In: Lawrence C., Block S.S., editors. Disinfection, sterilization, and preservation. Lea & Febiger; Philadelphia: 1968. pp. 517–531.
13. Weber D.J., Rutala W.A., Miller M.B. Role of hospital surfaces in the transmission of emerging health care-associated pathogens: norovirus, Clostridium difficile, and Acinetobacter species. Am J Infect Control. 2010;38:S25–S33. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.04.196.
14. Ofstead C.L., Wetzler H.P., Doyle E.M. Persistent contamination on colonoscopes and gastroscopes detected by biologic cultures and rapid indicators despite reprocessing performed in accordance with guidelines. Am J Infect Control. 2015;43:794–801. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.03.003.
15. Pajkos A.V.K., Cossart Y. Is biofilm accumulation on endoscope tubing a contributor to the failure of cleaning and decontamination. J Hosp Infect. 2004;58:224. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2004.06.023.
16. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. How to assess risk of disease transmission to patients when there is a failure to follow recommended disinfection and sterilization guidelines. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28:146–155. doi: 10.1086/511700.
17. Kohn W.G., Collins A.S., Cleveland J.L. Guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings–2003. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003;52:1–61.
18. Rutala W.A., Gergen M.F., Weber D.J. Microbial contamination on used surgical instruments. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014;35:1068–1070. doi: 10.1086/677153.
19. Weber D.J., Rutala W.A. Lessons learned from outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks associated with bronchoscopy. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012;33:230–234. doi: 10.1086/664495.
20. Roberts C.G. Studies on the bioburden on medical devices and the importance of cleaning. In: Rutala W.A., editor. Disinfection, sterilization and antisepsis: principles and practices in healthcare facilities. Association for Provessionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology; Washington, DC: 2000. pp. 63–69.
21. Food and Drug Administration. Brief summary of the gastroenterology and urology devices panel meeting. 2015.
22. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J., HICPAC . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta (GA): 2008. Guideline for disinfection and sterilization in healthcare facilities, 2008. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/Disinfection_Nov_2008.pdf
23. Food and Drug Administration. FDA-cleared sterilants and high level disinfectants with general claims for processing reusable medical and dental devices, March 2015. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/ReprocessingofReusableMedicalDevices/ucm437347.htm. Accessed 19 May, 2016.
24. Wendorf K.A., Kay M., Baliga C. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-associated AmpC Escherichia coli outbreak. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015;36:634–642. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.66.
25. Peery A.F., Dellon E.S., Lund J. Burden of gastrointestinal disease in the United States: 2012 update. Gastroenterology. 2012;143:1179–1187. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.08.002.
26. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. Disinfection, sterilization and control of hospital waste. In: Bennett J.E., Dolan R., Blaser M.J., editors. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. Elsevier Saunders; Philadelphia: 2015. pp. 3294–3309.
27. Rutala W.A., Gergen M.F., Weber D.J. Disinfection of a probe used in ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28:916–919. doi: 10.1086/518845.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.