Optimization of drilling parameters for Spanish cherry fiber reinforced hybrid composites using Taguchi analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.3978Keywords:
Natural fiber composite, drilling, Spanish cherry fiber, Taguchi, surface roughness, water absorption rateAbstract
Natural fiber-reinforced composites have gained significant attention in engineering applications due to their sustainability, lightweight nature, and mechanical properties. However, machining these materials, particularly drilling, presents challenges such as delamination, fiber pull-out, and surface roughness, which impact component integrity. Limited research exists on optimizing drilling parameters for Spanish cherry fiber-reinforced hybrid composites to minimize machining defects. This study aims to optimize drilling parameters—drill bit diameter, spindle speed, and feed rate—using the Taguchi L27 approach to enhance machining performance. The composite was fabricated using Spanish cherry fiber, vetiver fiber, and coir pith in a polyester resin matrix through compression molding. Experimental trials analyzed the effects of process parameters on thrust force (TF) and surface roughness (SR), supported by ANOVA and regression analysis. Results indicate that spindle speed has a significant influence on TF and SR, followed by drill bit diameter and feed rate. The optimal setting (8 mm drill bit, 1480 rpm spindle speed, 160 mm/min feed rate) achieved minimal TF (3.82 kgf) and SR (8.76 µm). Water absorption increased with exposure time, with a maximum rate of 7.58% at 192 hours. These findings provide insights for improving composite machining and enhancing structural integrity. Future research should explore the effects of tool wear and alternative machining strategies.
References
[1] D. O. Agumba, G. Park, J. Woong Kim, and J. Kim, “Biobased natural fiber-reinforced composites derived from lignin-based resin and mercerized jute fibers,” Mater Lett, vol. 360, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.136055.
[2] Akhyar, A. Gani, M. Ibrahim, F. Ulmi, and A. Farhan, “The influence of different fiber sizes on the flexural strength of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites,” Results in Materials, vol. 21, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100534.
[3] A. Soni et al., “An overview of recent trends and future prospects of sustainable natural fiber-reinforced polymeric composites for tribological applications,” Dec. 15, 2024, Elsevier B.V. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119501.
[4] I. Wadgave, S. Kulkarni, S. Katekar, and M. Kulkarni, “A comprehensive review on: Mechanical and acoustical characterization of natural fiber-reinforced composite,” Mater Today Proc, May 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2024.05.002.
[5] F. Rothenhäusler, R. Q. Albuquerque, M. Sticher, C. Kuenneth, and H. Ruckdaeschel, “Application of convolutional neural networks and ensemble methods in the fiber volume content analysis of natural fiber composites,” Machine Learning with Applications, vol. 19, p. 100609, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.MLWA.2024.100609.
[6] J. Arputhabalan, S. Prabhu, K. Palanikumar, S. Venkatesh, and K. Vijay, “Assay of machining attributes in drilling of natural hybrid fiber reinforced polymer composite,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 16, pp. 1097–1105, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.05.201.
[7] R. Benyettou et al., “Assessment of induced delamination drilling of natural fiber reinforced composites: A statistical analysis,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 21, pp. 131–152, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.08.161.
[8] T. Ma et al., “Bionic stepped drilling and milling composite tool based on beetle mouthparts: A comprehensive analysis of machining mechanism and cutting performance,” J Manuf Process, vol. 134, pp. 263–284, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.12.041.
[9] M. Slamani et al., “Bootstrap analysis for predicting circularity and cylindricity errors in palm/jute fiber reinforced hybrid composites,” Measurement, p. 117042, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.MEASUREMENT.2025.117042.
[10] P. Jagadeesh et al., “Drilling characteristics and properties analysis of fiber reinforced polymer composites: A comprehensive review,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 3, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14428.
[11] G. Kumar, P. Gupta, T. P. Naik, A. K. Sharma, and I. Singh, “Drilling of natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite laminates using microwave energy at 2.45 GHz,” Mater Today Commun, vol. 38, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.108419.
[12] B. Ahuja, N. Johri, B. Chandra Kandpal, L. Kumar Singh, and P. Parkash Singh, “Drilling process parameter optimization of natural fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites,” Mater Today Proc, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2023.02.364.
[13] B. Varikkadinmel, A. Mahajan, and I. Singh, “Hole drilling in basalt-reinforced sustainable composites using abrasive waterjet for construction applications,” Constr Build Mater, vol. 453, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139128.
[14] H. R. Maleki, B. Abazadeh, Y. Arao, and M. Kubouchi, “Selection of an appropriate non-destructive testing method for evaluating drilling-induced delamination in natural fiber composites,” NDT and E International, vol. 126, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102567.
[15] D. Bhadra and N. Ranjan Dhar, “Study of the delamination factor and taper angle in drilling of natural fiber reinforced epoxy nanocomposite materials,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 60, pp. 686–693, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.318.
[16] N. Geier et al., “A critical review on mechanical micro-drilling of glass and carbon fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP and CFRP) composites,” Compos B Eng, vol. 254, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110589.
[17] A. Hrechuk, “Recognition of drilling-induced defects in Fiber Reinforced Polymers using Machine Learning,” Procedia CIRP, vol. 117, pp. 384–389, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2023.03.065.
[18] A. Elhadi et al., “Precision drilling optimization in jute/palm fiber reinforced hybrid composites,” Measurement (Lond), vol. 236, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115066.
[19] M. Roy Choudhury, M. S. Srinivas, and K. Debnath, “Experimental investigations on drilling of lignocellulosic fiber reinforced composite laminates,” J Manuf Process, vol. 34, pp. 51–61, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.05.032.
[20] B. Ahuja, N. Johri, B. Chandra Kandpal, L. Kumar Singh, and P. Parkash Singh, “Drilling process parameter optimization of natural fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites,” Mater Today Proc, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2023.02.364.
[21] A. S. Shinde, I. Siva, Y. Munde, M. T. H. Sultan, L. S. Hua, and F. S. Shahar, “Numerical modelling of drilling of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite: a review,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 20, pp. 3561–3578, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.08.063.
[22] F. S. Prome, M. F. Hossain, M. S. Rana, M. M. Islam, and M. S. Ferdous, “Different chemical treatments of natural fiber composites and their impact on water absorption behavior and mechanical strength,” Hybrid Advances, vol. 8, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100379.
[23] G. K. Ze, A. Pramanik, A. K. Basak, C. Prakash, S. Shankar, and N. Radhika, “Challenges associated with drilling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites-A review,” Composites Part C: Open Access, vol. 11, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2023.100356.
[24] V. S. Hiremath, D. M. Reddy, R. Reddy Mutra, A. Sanjeev, T. Dhilipkumar, and N. J, “Thermal degradation and fire retardant behaviour of natural fibre reinforced polymeric composites- A comprehensive review,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 30, pp. 4053–4063, May 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.04.085.
[25] F. X. Espinach, F. Vilaseca, Q. Tarrés, M. Delgado-Aguilar, R. J. Aguado, and P. Mutjé, “An alternative method to evaluate the micromechanics tensile strength properties of natural fiber strand reinforced polyolefin composites. The case of hemp strand-reinforced polypropylene,” Compos B Eng, vol. 273, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111211.
[26] C. Malakar, M. A. Trishul, and P. Shreyas, “Investigation of drilling characteristics of screwpine fibers reinforced composite,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 27, pp. 1967–1971, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.09.038.
[27] A. Saravanakumar and S. Aravindanath Reddy, “Optimization of process parameter in drilling of snake grass fiber reinforced composites,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 62, pp. 5460–5466, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.144.
[28] J. Arputhabalan, S. Prabhu, K. Palanikumar, S. Venkatesh, and K. Vijay, “Assay of machining attributes in drilling of natural hybrid fiber reinforced polymer composite,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 16, pp. 1097–1105, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.05.201.
[29] R. Benyettou et al., “Assessment of induced delamination drilling of natural fiber reinforced composites: A statistical analysis,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 21, pp. 131–152, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.08.161.
[30] P. Jagadeesh et al., “Drilling characteristics and properties analysis of fiber reinforced polymer composites: A comprehensive review,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 3, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14428.
[31] B. Varikkadinmel, A. Mahajan, and I. Singh, “Hole drilling in basalt-reinforced sustainable composites using abrasive waterjet for construction applications,” Constr Build Mater, vol. 453, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139128.
[32] Rampal, G. Kumar, S. M. Rangappa, S. Siengchin, and S. Zafar, “A review of recent advancements in drilling of fiber-reinforced polymer composites,” Composites Part C: Open Access, vol. 9, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100312.
[33] R. Bhoopathi and M. Ramesh, “Optimization of drilling output responses of eggshell fillers reinforced hemp/glass fibres hybrid composites,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 46, pp. 3245–3250, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.286.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
